Psychological Development and Personality Formative Processes

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T h e M u n i c h L o n g i t u d i n a l S t u d y o f G i f t e d n e s s ( H e l l e r & H a n y , 1986), was c a r r i e d o u t f r o m 1985 t o 1989. T h e s t u d y is based on a mu l t i d imens iona l g i f t e d n e s s c o n c e p t . P e r ­ f o r m a n c e b e h a v i o u r is c o n s i d e r e d as a p r o d u c t o f t h e p r e d i c t o r s g i f t e d n e s s , p e r s o n a l i ­ t y c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s , and e n v i r o n m e n t a l c o n d i t i o n s . G i f t e d n e s s , a c a d e m i c a n d n o n a c a ­ demic a c h i e v e m e n t as w e l l as n o n c o g n i t i v e p e r s o n a l i t y c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s a r e c o n s i d e r e d t o be m u l t i d i m e n s i o n a l . T h e i n t e l l e c t u a l , c r e a t i v e , s o c i a l , mus ica l , and p s y c h o m o t o r domains w e r e u n d e r i n v e s t i g a t i o n . S t a r t i n g f r o m a l a r g e m u l t i r e g i o n a l sample, H e l l e r & H a n y (1986) used a t w o s t e p i d e n t i f i c a t i o n p r o c e s s : F i r s t l y , t e a c h e r s w e r e a s k e d t o n o m i n a t e t h e m o r e a n d mos t g i f t e d s t u d e n t s f r o m t h e i r c lasses. S e c o n d l y , a p p r o x i m a t e l y t h e t o p 3 0 p e r c e n t o f t h e o r i g i n a l sample w e r e measured b y t e s t s and q u e s t i o n n a i r e s in o r d e r t o f i n d t h e t o p t w o o r f i v e p e r c e n t in e a c h d o m a i n o f g i f t e d n e s s . In t h e l o n g i t u d i n a l phase f o l l o w i n g t h e i d e n t i f i c a t i o n s teps (1986 t o 1988), d e v e l ­ o p m e n t a l a s p e c t s and a c h i e v e m e n t a n a l y s e s w e r e t h e f o c u s o f t h e s t u d y : E v a l u a t i o n o f t h e p r e d i c i t i v e v a l i d i t y o f t he used t e s t s . E v a l u a t i o n o f t h e t y p o l o g i c a l c o n c e p t o f g i f t e d n e s s . E v a l u a t i o n o f t h e e f f e c t s o f p e r s o n a l i t y and e n v i r o n m e n t a l f a c t o r s o n t h e p e r f o r ­ mance o f g i f t e d s t u d e n t s . D e s c r i p t i o n and a n a l y s e s o f t h e d e v e l o p m e n t a l c o u r s e o f g i f t e d c h i l d r e n a n d a d o ­ lescen ts ( c o g n i t i v e and n o n c o g n i t i v e domains) . A n a l y s e s o f t h e i n t e r a c t i o n b e t w e e n g i f t e d n e s s , a c h i e v e m e n t , p e r s o n a l i t y , a n d en­ v i r o n m e n t . In t h e f r a m e o f th is p r e s e n t a t i o n o n l y a r o u g h o v e r v i e w o n i m p o r t a n t r e s u l t s is g i v e n . S o m e f i n d i n g s c o n c e r n i n g p e r s o n a l i t y c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s o f ( h i g h l y ) g i f t e d s t u d e n t s a r e d i s p l a y e d a l i t t l e b i t m o r e in d e t a i l . T h e resu l t s a r e d iscussed w i t h emphas is on poss ib i l i t i es f o r g u i d i n g a n d n u r t u r i n g g i f t e d s tuden ts .

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تاریخ انتشار 2012